Peptides are small polymers of amino acid monomers that are bonded together and distinguished from proteins by their size (typically containing fewer than 50 monomer units). Peptides allow the development of antibodies of a very specific region of a protein without the need to purify the protein of interest. They also allow for the identification of proteins of interest based on peptide masses and sequence. Typically, peptides are used in clinical research to examine the inhibition of cancer proteins and other diseases.

Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides, which is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid residues. Like other biological macromolecules, proteins are essential parts of organisms and participate in virtually every process within cells, making them ideal for various testing procedures to identify effective disease prevention techniques.